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Low sodium in Elderly ; Prevention of Hyponatremia in the Elderly

*By Dr Devan


Preventing hyponatremia in older adults requires a multifaceted approach focused on careful medication management, fluid regulation, and monitoring of underlying diseases.


Regular review of prescribed medications—particularly thiazide diuretics, SSRIs, and antiepileptics—is essential; alternatives should be considered if recurrent hyponatremia occurs.


Fluid intake should be individualised, avoiding both excessive water consumption and unnecessary fluid restriction.


Patients with chronic illnesses such as heart failure, cirrhosis, or renal impairment must undergo periodic electrolyte assessment, especially after medication changes.


Nutritional adequacy, including sufficient dietary sodium and protein, helps maintain osmotic balance. Education of patients and caregivers to recognise early warning signs—such as fatigue, confusion, or unsteady gait—facilitates prompt intervention.


In institutional settings, protocols for electrolyte surveillance, medication review, and hydration monitoring substantially reduce risk. Ultimately, prevention hinges on proactive geriatric care emphasising balance, vigilance, and early detection rather than reactive correction.



*Dr Devan is a Mangaluru-based ENT specialist and author.

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